自然科学版
陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版)
资源与环境科学
中国热点城市旅游气候舒适度评价
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马丽君,孙根年*
(陕西师范大学 旅游与环境学院, 陕西 西安 710062)
马丽君,男,博士研究生,研究方向为旅游资源与市场开发.
摘要:
基于温湿指数、风寒指数和着衣指数,构建了一个新的综合气候舒适度评价模型.运用新模型,计算了中国41个热点城市的气候舒适度指数,划分出适宜于旅游的等级和时段,并对气候舒适度的南北变化进行了分析.依据舒适期的年内分布划分出4种舒适度类型:夏适宜型包括哈尔滨等城市,年内气候舒适度呈倒“U”形变化,不舒适期较长;春秋适宜型包括北京等城市,气候舒适度呈“M”形变化;冬适宜型包括广州等城市,气候舒适度呈“U”形变化;四季适宜型只有昆明,气候舒适度呈倒宽“U”形变化.年综合舒适指数在北纬25°左右最高,以北纬25°为界,以北地区随纬度的降低,综合舒适指数逐步增加,以南地区随纬度的降低,综合舒适指数逐步减小.夏季气候舒适度指数随纬度升高而增大,北方旅游具有更高的气候舒适性;冬季气候舒适度随纬度降低而升高,南方旅游具有更高的气候舒适性.
关键词:
气候舒适度; 温湿指数; 综合舒适指数; 南北差异
收稿日期:
2008-11-20
中图分类号:
F590.3; P49
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4291(2009)02-0096-07
基金项目:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40271052);国家社会科学基金资助项目(03BJY0088)
Doi:
Evaluation on tourism climate comfort degree of hot cities in China
MA Li-jun, SUN Gen-nian*
(College of Tourism and Environment Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi′an 710062, Shaanxi, China)
Abstract:
Based on temperature humidity index (THI), wind-chill index (WCI) and index of clothing (ICL), a new model of comprehensive comfort index is founded. The climate comfort degree of 41 cities in China is analyzed by the new model, and the grades of fitness and its temporal distribution are divided. The climate comfort degree of each season and North-South variation of climate comfortable degree are analyzed. The 41 cities are divided into four types based on the distribution of comfort period in a year. The kind of summer fitness includes Haerbin, Changchun, et al. Its uncomfortable period is quite long, and the variation of comprehensive comfort index likes an inverted “U”. The kind of spring and autumn fitness includes Beijing, Tianjin, et al and the variation of comprehensive comfort index likes “M”. The kind of winter fitness includes Guangzhou, Shenzhen, et al and the variation of comprehensive comfort index likes a wide “U”. The kind of all year fitness only includes Kunming and the variation of comprehensive comfort index likes a wide inverted “U”. The annual comprehensive comfort index in 25°N is the highest; the annual comprehensive comfort index goes up as the latitude reduces in the north of 25°N, the annual comprehensive comfort index goes down as the latitude reduces in the south of 25°N. In summer, the comprehensive comfort index goes up as the latitude increases, which shows that the climate in the North is more comfortable. In winter, the comprehensive comfort index goes up as the latitude reduces, which shows that the climate in the South is more comfortable.
KeyWords:
climate comfort degree; temperature humidity index (THI); comprehensive comfort index; differences between North and South