The current distribution status of national protected animal species in Shaanxi province of China has been reviewed. There were state-protected 98 key species of wildlife in Shaanxi province, including 23 species of mammals, 69 species of birds, 1 species of reptile, 1 species of amphibian, 2 species of fishes and 2 species of insects. Among of the 98 species, 19 species belong to the first-class and 79 species belong to the second-class national protected animal species. Distribution and existence of tiger (Panthera tigris), red panda (Ailurus fulgens), lynx (Lynx lynx) and snowy owl (Nyctea scandiaca) are required further investigation. The distribution of national-protected animal species in Shaanxi had obviously regional difference. Species number were obviously less in northern Shaanxi than in Qinling and Dabashan Mountains of southern Shaanxi. The Qinling and Dabashan mountain are key regions for rare and endangered species conservation and for biodiversity conservation in Shaanxi province. According to the current status and distribution pattern of the protected species in Shaanxi province, some conservation implications have been proposed.

Shaanxi province;national protected animal species;distribution;species conservation陕西省位于我国中部偏北,其南部的秦岭山脉不仅是动物地理区划上东洋界和古北界的分界线,也是我国南北气候的分界线［1］．独特的地理位置和气候特征造就陕西省境内蕴涵有丰富的动物资源,也使秦岭地区成为具有国际意义的中国陆地生物多样性关键地区［2］．野生动物是人类的财富,保护好野生动物是每个公民应尽的义务．然而,在当前国民经济高速发展的形势下,野生动物的栖息地不断地受到人类活动的侵扰和破坏；人类的生产、生活等社会活动的干扰,已使一些物种处于濒危状态甚或灭绝．所以保护野生动物和保护自然资源中生物物种的多样性已显得特别重要．研究特定地区关键物种的组成与分布状况将有助于生物多样性的保护,因为珍稀濒危物种及其分布形式可被用作表示某一地区物种多样性的重要指标［3］．