Comparing two kinds of methods for extraction of volatile oils from Aconitum szechenyianum Gay and components analysis by GC-MS
WANG Kai1,2, YUE Xuan-feng1, FAN Zhi-chao1, ZHANG Zhi-qi1*
(1 College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi′an 710062, Shaanxi, China;2 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin College, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi, China)
Abstract:
The volatile oils were extracted from Aconitum szechenyianum Gay by steam distillation (SD) and ultrasound-assisted steam distillation (UESD), respectively. The chemical constituents in the volatile oils were identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry GC-MS and their relative contents were calculated based on GC peak areas. For steam distillation, 63 compounds of 69 detected peaks were identified, accounting for 77.89% of the volatile fraction. The main components were hexadecanoic acid (9.09%) and 6-Oxa-3-thiaoctanoic acid (7.85%);For ultrasound-assisted steam distillation, 68 compounds of 75 detected peaks were identified, accounting for 88.69% of the volatile fraction. The main components were hexadecanoic acid (24.69%) and linoleic acid (7.31%). These resalts indicate that, there is a significant difference in the composition and relative amounts between the volatile oils obtained by SD and UESD methods;the common components of the two extracts were organic acids and alkanes. UESD method allows less in extraction time, higher yield of oil and higher amount of organic acids than SD method.
KeyWords:
Aconitum szechenyianum Gay;volatile oil;GC-MS;steam distillation;ultrasonic extraction steam distillation铁牛七（Aconitum szechenyianum Gay）为毛茛科植物铁棒锤的干燥根,产于陕西太白山,生长于海拔2 500 m以上的山地草丛或林缘［1］,与其同源的植物有铁棒锤（A. pendulum Bush.）和伏毛铁棒锤（A. flavum Hand-Mazz）.作为太白"七药"的四梁八柱之一的铁牛七,具有活血祛淤、祛风除湿、止痛消肿之功效［2］.药理学研究表明该注射液有很强的镇痛、局麻、呼吸抑制、抗炎作用［3］.仅从铁牛七的根部分离鉴定了四个生物碱化合物［4］,而对其他化学成分,包括挥发油成分的研究,国内外未见报道.本研究分别采用水蒸气蒸馏法和超声萃取-水蒸气蒸馏法提取其挥发油,并利用GC-MS技术对其挥发油成分进行了分离鉴定.
