自然科学版
陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版)
食品工程与营养科学
柿单宁研究进展
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张宝善1,伍晓红2,陈锦屏1
(1 陕西师范大学 食品工程与营养科学学院, 陕西 西安 710062;2 西北政法大学 经济管理学院, 陕西 西安 710061)
张宝善,男,教授,主要从事食品科学与工程专业教学和科研工作.
摘要:
概述了柿单宁的定义、分类和功能作用.阐述了柿单宁的特性、主要组成、分子结构及柿果在生长成熟、脱涩和加工过程中单宁的存在方式和运动变化规律的研究进展.柿单宁主要由儿茶素、儿茶素-3-酸、儿茶素和儿茶素-3-酸四种单体组成,通过C-4、C-6或C-8位相连接可聚合成高聚物.涩柿果实在生长、成熟中单宁细胞体积变大,数量增多,单宁含量增加.脱涩中单宁细胞收缩,单宁由低聚物变成高聚物,涩味消失.在加工中返涩的主要原因是由于柿单宁从无涩味的高聚物水解变成了有涩味的低聚物.
关键词:
柿果; 涩味; 柿单宁
收稿日期:
2007-10-08
中图分类号:
S665.2
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4291(2008)01-0099-07
基金项目:
陕西省自然科学基金资助项目(2006C128)
Doi:
Research progress of Kaki tannin
ZHANG Bao-shan1, WU Xiao-hong2, CHEN Jin-ping1
(1 College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi′an 710062, Shaanxi, China; 2 College of Economics Management, Northwest University of Politics and Law, Xi′an 710061, Shaanxi, China)
Abstract:
The definition, classification and health function of kaki tannin were outlined and the properties, composition and molecular structure of kaki tannin were summarized in the article. The changing regularity and existence of kaki tannin in the persimmon fruit growing, removing astringency and processing were reviewed. The kaki tannin is composed of epiatechin, catechin-gallate, gallocatechin and gallocatechin-gallate by C-4, C-6 or C-8 polymerizing high polymer. The volume of kaki tannin cells become bigger, the number of them increased and the content of kaki tannin rose during the growing and ripping of persimmon fruit. While removing the astringency, the tannin cells shrieked and the kaki tannin changed from oligomer into high polymer, then astringency disappeared; The reason of reastringency during the processing is that kaki tannin hydrolyzed from non-astringent high polymer to astringent oligomer.
KeyWords:
persimmon fruit; astringency; kaki tannin