Assessment and prediction of habitat quality caused by land use change are of great significance for ecological restoration and sustainable development of mining areas. In this paper, the land use model (RFFLUS), ecosystem service function model (InVEST) and geographic detector model (Geodetector) were coupled to analyze the land use change in Pingshuo open pit mining area from 1985 to 2025. The coupled model was used to explore the spatial-temporal evolution of habitat quality during that period and to reveal the natural and human factors affecting habitat quality. The results showed that: (1) The main types of land use of Pingshuo mining area were cultivated land, grassland and construction land. The construction land and grassland areas increased from 1985 to 2025 and the cultivated land area decreased significantly. The cultivated land was mainly changed to forest land and grassland and the decrease of forest land and water area was little. (2) The distribution of habitat quality grade is consistent with the distribution of land use. High quality habitat is mainly distributed in forest land and low quality habitat is distributed in construction land. The overall habitat quality declined slightly from 1985 to 2015. Coal mining was the main reason for the decline of habitat quality. There was still a risk of habitat decline in 2025 and persisting ecological reclamation is needed to avoid this situation. (3) Factor detection found that NDVI was the dominant factor affecting the change of habitat quality, followed by coal production capacity and GDP. In the interaction detection, the interaction between factors was enhanced and the interaction between NDVI and GDP was the largest. A scientific basis for the implementation of ecological protection and land use planning in mining areas is provided in this paper.

large open pit mining area; habitat quality;land use change; InVEST model; Geodetector model