自然科学版
陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版)
乡村与农户研究专题
土默特平原聚落体系的演变特征
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张晓燕,乌敦*,刘思琴,韩佳霖
(内蒙古师范大学 地理科学学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010022)
乌敦,女,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事历史城市地理研究。E-mail:aodun2002@163.com
摘要:
以土默特平原6个区县乡镇及其以上级别的聚落为研究对象,基于全国1982年、1990年、2000 年、2010年4次人口普查数据及2017年调查数据,运用GIS空间分析技术、空间统计技术等方法,对研究区聚落体系的结构、布局、规模的演变特征进行分析。结果表明:从结构的动态特征以及空间布局上看,一定程度的外在作用力对地理环境基底均衡性产生影响;1982年聚落分布在空间布局上与克里斯泰勒的六边形相一致;随后,受交通、政策、地形因素的影响,聚落呈现纵横轴线式向东北、西南方向集聚。从时空规模的等级演变特征上看,经典的中心地体系受大青山、黄河以及社会发展的工业化、城镇化的影响,聚落规模不断以大乡镇(城区)为中心扩展。
关键词:
聚落体系;演变特征;内蒙古自治区;土默特平原
收稿日期:
2019-09-23
中图分类号:
K901.8;K928.5
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4291(2020)04-0108-08
基金项目:
国家自然科学基金(41761028);内蒙古自然科学基金(2015MS0401)
Doi:
The evolutionary characteristics of the settlement system in the Tumote plain
ZHANG Xiaoyan, WU Dun*, LIU Siqin, HAN Jialin
(School of Geographical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, Inner Mongolia, China)
Abstract:
In the background of the rural revitalization strategy, it is of great significance to study the evolution of the settlement system which including the rational use of land resources, optimum adjustment of the human-natural relationship, and the promotion of coordinated urban and rural development. Taking the settlements of townships and above in the Tumote plain (6 districts and counties) as the research object, using 2017 survey data and the national census data from four periods of 1982, 1990, 2000, and 2010, the evolving characteristics of settlement system, which including the structure, layout and scale in the study area are analyzed based on GIS spatial analysis technology and spatial statistical technology. The results show that from the perspective of the dynamic characteristics of the structure and the spatial layout, a certain degree of external force has an impact on the balance of the geographical environment. The spatial distribution of the settlements was consistent with Christaller′s central place theory in 1982. Affected by traffic, policies, and topographical factors, the settlements cluster vertically and horizontally toward the northeast and southwest.From the perspective of the hierarchical evolution of space-time scale, the classic central land system is affected by the industrialization and urbanization of Daqingshan mountain, the Yellow River and social development. The size of the settlements continues to expand in large towns (urban areas).
KeyWords:
settlement system; evolutionary characteristics; Inner Mongolia; Tumote plain