自然科学版
陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版)
资源与环境科学
拐入侧视域下我国拐卖儿童犯罪的时空格局
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李钢*, 王莺莺, 杨兰, 谭然, 苟思远
(西北大学 城市与环境学院,陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室,陕西 西安 710127)
李钢,男,副教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为灾害地理、社会地理与旅游地理。Email:lig@nwu.edu.cn
摘要:
基于公益平台“宝贝回家”的“宝贝寻家”数据资料,运用数理统计与空间分析方法,从拐入侧(买方)视角解析1930—2015年我国拐卖儿童犯罪的时空格局。研究发现:拐卖去向以收养为主,低年龄段高发(0~6岁为主),不同年龄段的男女比例不同,贩运类型以“家庭操控型”和“诱骗养子型”为主。时间上,绝大多数年份被拐男童多于女童,且二者及其总数一致呈现单峰态势(1980—2000年为高发区间),大致可分为4个阶段,与我国社会经济发展变化过程相适应;临近年关的1月是犯罪高发月份,这与人口流动性增强及犯罪分子搏年关有关;被拐时长上男、女童相似,主要集中于15~33年(峰值区间在22~29年),推算开始寻亲的年龄主要在15~39岁,峰值区间在22~35岁,大龄化特征揭示了寻亲的长期性和血脉亲情的重要性。空间上,我国大部分省份均有儿童拐入,在东部地区形成南北两大拐入区,北区为以河南、河北、山东为主体的华北华东地区,南区为以福建、广东为主体的华南东南地区,两区分别以河南和福建为最,两区拐入男童均多于女童,拐入河北、福建的女童所占比例相对较高;被拐人数重心变化轨迹呈现顺时针近似闭合圆环和往复性,体现了拐入地的时空多变性特征,为犯罪防控带来挑战。据此,本文提出了针对性的六点建议。
关键词:
拐卖儿童犯罪;时空格局;拐入侧;应对方略;中国
收稿日期:
2018-03-12
中图分类号:
D917.3;K901
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
16724291(2019)03009508
基金项目:
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金面上项目(16YJAZH028);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41871144);西北大学“仲英青年学者”支持计划(2016)
Doi:
Spatiotemporal pattern of child trafficking crime in China: a demandfront perspective
LI Gang*, WANG Yingying, YANG Lan, TAN Ran, GOU Siyuan
(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi′an 710127, Shaanxi, China)
Abstract:
Based on over three thousand pieces of relativeseeking data from a certain online public platform, the basic laws of demandfront crime activities of trafficking in children in China during 19302015 were examined through spatial analysis and statistical analysis methods from the perspective of geography of crime. It is found that the main purpose of trafficking is forced adoption and high trafficking frequency occurred at low ages. Different age groups of male and female victims are in different proportions. The types of trafficking are mainly based on “family control type” and “lured adoption type”. The amount of crime shows a single peak in 19802000. The crime was significantly affected by the strike policy and population policy with a “seesaw” type of response. In January, the incidence of crime is high, which is related to the increase in population mobility and the last stroke of the criminals before the Lunar New Year. The length of trafficking, both male and female, are mainly concentrated between 15 and 33 years and the peak range between 22 to 29 years. It is estimated that the age starting the tracing is 15 to 39 years old and the peak interval is between 22 and 35 years old. This illustrates the longterm tracing and the importance of blood relatives.In most provinces of China, there are children trafficked in. In the eastern region, it can be divided into two parts,one part is in Henan, Hebei, and Shandong, and the other is in Fujan and Guangdong. The spatial trajectories of the center of gravity show the pattern like a clockwise approximation of the closed ring, which has the reciprocating characteristics. The forced migration process embodies the temporal and spatial variability of the child trafficking crime in China. Finally, according to the above research results, the sixpoint measures were put forward.
KeyWords:
child trafficking crime; spatiotemporal pattern; demandfront; control countermeasures; China