Abstract:
A new concept of inbound and outbound tourism market reversal is proposed. Based on the data of inbound and outbound tourist flow between China and 140 tourism partners (regions) from 1995 to 2016, China′s tourism reversal situation was explored and the main factors affecting market reversal were analyzed. The results show that in the eight regions of the world, the scale of Chinese people traveling to Africa has always exceeded that of entry.In Southeast Asia and South Asia, reverse inversion and positive inversion occurred in 2004 and 2011, respectively.In Europe, Oceania, Northeast Asia, West & Central Asia, North America, the reversal time was 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2015. South America did not reverse. In the Asian market, the number of reversal countries in the early, medium, and recent was 5, 6, and 19, respectively, and there were 17 non-reversed countries. In the intercontinental market, the number of countries with early reversal in Africa, Europe, Oceania, north America and south America was 1, 4, 1, 0 and 0; they were 10, 11, 3, 0 and 0 with mid-term reversal; they were 10, 14, 5, 10 and 4 with recent reversal.The number of non-reversal is 4, 8, 1, 4, 3 and the degree of reversal was 98.72%, 86.83%, 99.99%, 83.47% and 53.4%,respectively. Among the factors affecting the formation of the spatial-temporal pattern of tourism inversion, the ADS tourism agreement is the first factor, the transportation location is a crucial external resistance, and the country′s overall economic strength is simultaneously promoted and constrained to achieve reversal.
