Abstract:
Rare earth elements have unique physical and chemical properties and are widely used in the field of heterogeneous catalysis, and nano-heterogeneous catalysts have larger specific surface area and better catalytic activity. In view of the rich and varied structures and the excellent catalytic properties of rare earth nanocatalysts, the recent progress in controlled synthesis and application of heterogeneous rare earth nanocatalysts was reviewed in detail in this paper. According to the existence forms and active components of rare earth elements, heterogeneous rare earth nanocatalysts were divided into four types in this paper, including rare earth oxides, rare earth alloys, rare earth co-catalysts and rare earth monatomic catalysts. On this basis, the structural characteristics, controllable synthesis methods and application progress of various rare earth heterogeneous nanocatalysts were systematically summarized. Specifically, the latest research progress of heterogeneous rare earth catalysts in the C1 chemical reactions such as CO oxidation, CO2 hydrogenation and water gas shift reaction, as well as in the electrocatalytic reactions such as hydrogen precipitation reaction (HER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was summarized. The relationships between structures and catalytic performance of the catalysts were also concisely introduced. Finally, the research trend of the heterogeneous rare earth nanocatalysts was prospected.