自然科学版
陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版)
双碳背景下的稀土催化专刊
稀土异相纳米催化剂的控制合成及应用研究进展
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王德九,张亚文*
(北京分子科学国家研究中心,稀土材料化学及应用国家重点实验室,北京大学 化学与分子工程学院,北京 100871)
张亚文,男,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为稀土与贵金属纳米催化化学及应用。E-mail: ywzhang@pku.edu.cn
摘要:
以稀土元素独特的理化性质及其在异相催化等领域的广泛应用为前提,结合纳米异相催化剂更大的比表面积和更优异的催化活性,针对稀土纳米催化剂丰富多样的结构和优异的催化性能,详细综述了近年来稀土异相纳米催化剂的控制合成和应用进展。文章首先根据稀土异相纳米催化剂中稀土元素的存在形式和活性成分,将稀土异相纳米催化剂分为稀土氧化物、稀土合金、稀土助催化剂和稀土单原子催化剂4类。在此基础上系统概述了各种稀土异相纳米催化剂的结构特点、控制合成方法和应用情况,总结了稀土异相纳米催化剂在CO氧化、CO2加氢、水汽变换等C1转化反应和氢析出反应(HER)、氧还原反应(ORR)等电催化反应中的最新研究进展,简要分析了稀土异相纳米催化剂的结构与催化性能之间的关系,并对稀土异相纳米催化剂的发展前景进行了讨论和展望。
关键词:
稀土;异相催化;纳米材料;控制合成;催化性能
收稿日期:
2021-07-02
中图分类号:
O643.36
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4291(2022)02-0001-28
基金项目:
国家自然科学基金(21832001, 21771009);北京分子科学国家研究中心创新研究项目 (BNLMS-CXXM-202104)
Doi:
10.15983/j.cnki.jsnu.2022003
Research progress of the controlled synthesis and application of heterogeneous rare earth nanocatalysts
WANG Dejiu, ZHANG Yawen*
(Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)
Abstract:
Rare earth elements have unique physical and chemical properties and are widely used in the field of heterogeneous catalysis, and nano-heterogeneous catalysts have larger specific surface area and better catalytic activity. In view of the rich and varied structures and the excellent catalytic properties of rare earth nanocatalysts, the recent progress in controlled synthesis and application of heterogeneous rare earth nanocatalysts was reviewed in detail in this paper. According to the existence forms and active components of rare earth elements, heterogeneous rare earth nanocatalysts were divided into four types in this paper, including rare earth oxides, rare earth alloys, rare earth co-catalysts and rare earth monatomic catalysts. On this basis, the structural characteristics, controllable synthesis methods and application progress of various rare earth heterogeneous nanocatalysts were systematically summarized. Specifically, the latest research progress of heterogeneous rare earth catalysts in the C1 chemical reactions such as CO oxidation, CO2 hydrogenation and water gas shift reaction, as well as in the electrocatalytic reactions such as hydrogen precipitation reaction (HER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was summarized. The relationships between structures and catalytic performance of the catalysts were also concisely introduced. Finally, the research trend of the heterogeneous rare earth nanocatalysts was prospected.
KeyWords:
rare earth; heterogeneous catalysis; nanomaterials; controlled synthesis; catalytic performance