哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
美学研究
他者性的美学:超越性与主体间性的变异
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杨 春 时
(华侨大学 文学院, 福建 泉州 362021)
杨春时,男,哈尔滨市人,华侨大学特聘教授,博士研究生导师。
摘要:
他者性美学是在他者性哲学的基础上形成的。列维纳斯从他者的超越性出发,把审美界定为超越经验意识的感觉,把美确定为物的本原状态。这样,他的美学就具有自然主义的倾向,而否认了审美的超越性。同时,他认为美只是“物”的还原,它超越于存在,因此不是主体,也不是人的对象,与人无关。这一思想固然摆脱了主体性,但也否定了审美的主体间性。另一个他者性美学家路易斯认为,审美源于道,道是他者,具有伦理性。艺术的他者性体现在语言、文本、创作、接受各个环节,因此审美具有公共性、客观性,而不是主体性的活动。这一理论使审美的超越性和主体间性发生了变异。从本质上说,他者性美学对他者的超越性和非主体性的强调,实际上是超越性和主体间性理论的扭曲形式。在这个意义上,他者性美学的发生,为肯定审美的主体间性和超越性开辟了道路。
关键词:
他者性; 主体间性; 他者性美学
收稿日期:
2011-12-25
中图分类号:
B83-02
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2012)06-0038-07
基金项目:
福建省社会科学规划项目(2009B133)
Doi:
Aesthetics of Otherness: Variation of Transcendence and Intersubjectivity
YANG Chun-shi
(College of Chinese Language and Literature, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, Fujian)
Abstract:
Aesthetics of otherness is formed on the basis of philosophy of otherness. Starting from the transcendence of others, Levinas defined aesthetics as the sense of transcending empirical consciousness and beauty as the primary state of things. Thus done, he gave a naturalistic tendency to his aesthetics, denying transcendence of beauty appreciation. Meanwhile, he believed that beauty was reduction of “things” and transcended existence, so it had nothing to do with men, neither as the subject nor as the object of men. Although his idea broke away from subjectivity, it denied intersubjectivity in beauty appreciation. Louis, another aesthetician of otherness, thought that beauty appreciation originated from Tao, which was the other and ethical. Artistic otherness gives expression to language, text, writing and reception. Thus, beauty appreciation is not a subjective, but public and objective activity. This theory brought about variation to aesthetic transcendence and intersubjectivity. In essence, aesthetics of otherness distorts the theory of aesthetic transcendence and intersubjectivity by emphasizing the transcendence and non-subjectivity of others. It is just in this sense that the rise of aesthetics of otherness paves a new path for affirming intersubjectivity and transcendence.
KeyWords:
otherness; intersubjectivity; aesthetics of otherness