哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
哲学研究
从技术批判到社会批判的转向——马尔库塞的资本主义制度生态学批判
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王 晓 方
(西安石油大学 科技与社会发展研究所,陕西西安 710065)
王晓方,女,山东烟台市人,西安石油大学科学与社会发展研究所副教授。
摘要:
马尔库塞认为资本主义制度和生态环境危机之间有着必然的联系以及人对自然的统治构成了人对人的统治的观点,表征了法兰克福学派与生态学马克思主义之间的源脉关系。同时,马尔库塞以批判科学技术的极权主义为切入点和着力点,从技术批判转向社会批判,为生态学马克思主义奠定了理论基础。但是,他对技术理性、科学理性同价值理性、艺术理性相统一的理想的描述,由于缺乏基于人的主体性的实践过程,从而具有明显的乌托邦色彩。
关键词:
马尔库塞; 技术批判; 社会批判; 生态学马克思主义
收稿日期:
2012-05-16
中图分类号:
B712.49
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2012)05-0156-06
基金项目:
教育部人文社会科学研究专项任务项目(11JD710074)
Doi:
Transition from Technological Criticism to Social Criticism
WANG Xiao-fang
(Institution of Science and Technology and Social Development, Xi’an Petroleum University, Xi’an 710065, Shaanxi
Abstract:
In terms of capitalist institutions, Marcuse states the relationship between science and technology and crisis in ecological environment, and especially the view that human rule over humans is derived from human rule over nature. His statements reveal the original relationship between the Frankfurt School and the ecological Marxism. Meanwhile, by energetically criticizing scientific and technological totalitarianism, he turns from technological criticism to social criticism, laying a foundation for ecological Marxism. However, his description of unification between artificial and technological rationality and ideological and artistic rationality lacks a subject-based practical process, hence a prominent utopian character.
KeyWords:
Marcuse; technological criticism; social criticism; ecological Marxism