哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
中国古代文学研究论
戏曲脸谱的美学特征与创构依据
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陈刚
(陕西师范大学 美术学院, 陕西 西安 710062)
陈刚,男,宁夏隆德人,文学博士,陕西师范大学美术学院副教授。
摘要:
脸谱是中国戏曲独有的,在舞台演出中使用的化妆造型艺术。这种艺术形式有其富于个性的美学特征与创构依据。脸谱艺术所具有的装饰性、夸张性的形式美,表现性、概括性与性格化的传神美,象征性、寓意性的意蕴美,构成了其最基本的美学特征。脸谱美的创造与构建,有其丰富和切实的多重审美依据,择其要者言之:现实的社会生活作为创作根源(植根于生活),各种艺术的“技”与“艺”的元素作为生成依据(涵养于艺术),中华哲学美学之大“道”作为内在灵魂(升华于大道),这诸种因素的合力作用成为戏曲脸谱美创构与实现的最重要的原材料、武器库与主心骨。
关键词:
戏曲脸谱; 美学特征; 创构依据
收稿日期:
2012-03-12
中图分类号:
J821.5
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2012)05-0081-06
基金项目:
国家社会科学基金项目(07XZW013);陕西师范大学重点研究项目(2009-12);国家教师教育创新平台学科专业建设项目;
Doi:
On Aesthetic Features and Constructive Bases of Facial Makeups in Chinese Opera
CHEN Gang
(College of Art, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, Shaanxi
Abstract:
Facial makeup is a makeup styling art used in performance on the stage peculiar to Chinese drama. This form of art has abundant individual aesthetic features and constructive bases. The art of facial makeup is aesthetically characteristic of decorativeness, exaggerative formal beauty, expressiveness, conclusiveness, lifelike personified beauty, symbolization and allegoric implicative beauty. The beauty of facial makeup bases its invention and construction on abundant and realistic multiple appreciation of beauty. Generally speaking, artistic innovation originates from realistic social life, develops with varieties of artistic elements, and nurtures its soul in aesthetic of Chinese philosophy. All these factors work together to contribute the primary reservoir and resources of inventing, constructing and realizing the aesthetic construct of facial makeup in Chinese drama.
KeyWords:
facial makeup in drama; aesthetic features; constructive basis