哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
语言文字学研究
《诗经》宾语前置句的考察
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殷国光,朱淑华
(中国人民大学 文学院, 北京 100872)
殷国光(1946—),男,江苏扬州人,中国人民大学文学院教授,博士生导师;朱淑华(1982—),女,江苏盐城人,中国人民大学文学院博士研究生。
摘要:
考察《诗经》,其宾语前置类型与散文基本一致,只是有些宾语前置的类别出现频率要大大高于散文,这既有时代的因素,也有诗歌韵律的因素。《诗经》中宾语前置与韵律的关系分为两种情况:一种是受语法条件制约、诗人不能随意改变的,如部分代词宾语前置;一种是诗人刻意改变的,如名词宾语前置。诗人在句子安排上,总是尽可能地将宾语前置句安排在韵脚所在的位置。历来有关“鲁侯是若”、“万民是若”被歧解的原因在于,它们都可以描写为“名+是+动”;而该句式是一个多义格式。在《诗经》中符合“名+是+动”句式的诗句脱离了语境(或语境不明),都可能有歧解。
关键词:
《诗经》; 宾语前置句; 韵律
收稿日期:
2007-12-15
中图分类号:
H141
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2008)04-0055-07
基金项目:
Doi:
An Investigation of the Objectfronting Lines in The Book of Songs
YIN Guoguang, ZHU Shuhua
(College of Language and Literature, People's University of China, Beijing 100872)
Abstract:
An investigation of The Book of Songs shows that its categories of object fronting basically agree with those in prose. The relationship between object fronting and rhyme presents us two categories: the first category was determined by grammatical conditions which allowed no variation on the part of the poet, such as the fronting of some object pronouns but the second depended upon the poet's deliberate variation, such as the fronting of noun object. As a result, when the poet was organizing his lines, he tried his best to make an objectfronting line occur at the rhymical foot. In The Book of Songs, those lines which fell into the “noun+BE+verb” pattern might be deformed because they departed from the context.
KeyWords:
The Book of Songs; objectfronting line; rhyme