Although Lu Xiong and his The Unofficial History of Female Celestials have caused many comments and discussions in the academic world, few comments and discussions have appeared so far with regard to Lu Xiong’s identity as a remaining subject of the Ming Dynasty and the consciousness of a subject of the former dynasty and scholastic tendency involved in The Unofficial History of Female Celestials. Based on the rarelyread county annals, the present author explored Lu Xiong’s identity as a remaining subject of the Ming Dynasty and investigated the consciousness of a remaning subject of the former dynasty involved in The Unofficial History of Female Celestials by detecting the writer’s hatred for the state usurpers and their followers, his deep adherence to the Ming Dynasty and his helplessness between history and reality caused by his mind of heavenly destiny. Finally the author discussed the scholastic tendency in the book through analyzing his application of historical allusions and introduction of rules of writing poetry, cipoetry and fupoetry.

Lu Xiong； The Unofficial History of Female Celestials； consciousness of a remaining subject of the former dynasty