哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
学术前沿:文学经典的承传与重构
戏曲的经典化形式:折子戏
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陈刚
(陕西师范大学 美术学院, 陕西 西安 710062)
陈刚(1968—),男,宁夏隆德人,陕西师范大学美术学院副教授,文学博士。
摘要:
折子戏是中国古典戏曲中可以与杂剧、传奇并列的一种重要的艺术形式,它代表了传奇向一种新的戏曲样式的发展。折子戏的产生,约在明代中后期。折子戏的形成与发展,与传奇自身的发展要求、人们的审美需要、戏曲的基本精神以及它作为表演艺术的特点密切关联。折子戏最初脱胎于全本戏,在长期的创作、表演和接受过程中被加工、完善、淘沥、选择,最终成为戏曲经典,堪称戏曲的经典化形式。折子戏,依其题材内容和情感倾向,大体可分为悲剧、喜剧和闹剧三种类型;根据唱、念、做、打的表演方法,呈现出四种主要的形态。折子戏在艺术形式、表演技巧、审美效果以及推动戏曲的全面进步等许多方面显示出相当重要的价值和意义。
关键词:
中国古典戏曲; 折子戏; 传奇; 经典化
收稿日期:
2006-03-20
中图分类号:
I207.37
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2006)06-0099-09
基金项目:
Doi:
Highlighting Acts from Operas——Classicized form of Drama
CHEN Gang
(College of Fine Art, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi)
Abstract:
Like legends and poetic dramas the highlighting act from operas was an important artistic form of Chinese classic dramas, which represented a trend of development from legends to a fresh form of drama. Originally derived from complete plays, highlighting acts rose in the late MidMing Dynasty. In the lengthy course of writing, performance and acceptance, they were processed, completed, combed out, and selected before they became dramatic classics. In terms of subjectmatters, contents and emotional orientations, highlighting acts can be classified into tragedies, comedies and farces, while in terms of forms of performance, they assumed such forms of performance as singing, reciting, doing and fighting. In a word, highlighting acts played an important part in promoting the wholesome progression of drama in artistic form, techniques of performance and aesthetic effects.
KeyWords:
Chinese classical drama; highlighting act from opera; legend; classicization