Abstract:
The compilation and publication of bilingual dictionaries by missionaries began in the late Ming dynasty and flourished in the late Qing dynasty. These dictionaries of missionaries using different codification concepts compared to China’s traditional dictionaries. Not only promoted the interaction and integration of eastern and western dictionaries ,but also built a very different knowledge system compared to China’s own traditional knowledge.Callery’s “Systema Phoneticum Scriptur Sinic” and “The Encyclopedia of the Chinese Language (Volumel)”are the important representative works. The basic features of the two dictionaries are as follows: First, taking dictionaries as a character books, memorizing Chinese characters by means of phonetic and meaning semiotic system; Second, taking dictionaries as a word dictionary,building a vocabulary network with the core morphemes; Third, taking dictionaries as a spoken corpus , using oral transcripts to describe people’s daily life; Fourth, taking the dictionary as the general collection of Chinese knowledge, and creating a panoramic picture of Chinese culture by quoting the allusion to classical literature. It’s worth noting that when he marked the sounds of the Chinese phonetic system, he listed each sound in six different European countries: France, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Germany and Britain，to meet the needs of missionaries from different countries; When marked specific Chinese characters, he not only listed three kinds of calligraphy: the regular form, the small seal style form and the cursive form, but also marked three pronunciations: Mandarin ,Guangzhou dialect and Fuzhou dialect with European phonetic notation, in order to adapt as many missionaries as possible,to meet the needs of communication with different regions and different groups of people.thus, giving expression to a unique codification idea of Lexicography:“Callery－style learnercentered conception”.At the present time，these ideas still have important implications for us: to establish and compile the extroverted learning Chinese dictionary; to construct the philosophy principles of compiling textbooks for teaching Chinese as a foreign language.
