哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
法学研究
标准必要专利实施中的竞争政策
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易继明, 胡小伟
(北京大学 法学院, 北京 100871; 华东交通大学 人文社会科学学院, 江西 南昌 330010)
易继明,男,湖北公安人,法学博士,北京大学法学院教授,博士研究生导师;胡小伟,男,湖北随县人,法学博士,华东交通大学人文社会科学院讲师,北京大学法学院访问学者。
摘要:
伴随着标准必要专利对市场竞争影响的日益加深,FRAND原则、竞争法以及不断衍化的司法判例对标准必要专利的实施产生了一定的限制。然而,在标准必要专利具体实施过程中,标准专利权人和标准实施者基于趋利避害使然,通过利用规则漏洞,分别实施“专利劫持”和“专利反向劫持”。在标准必要专利案件案件审理中,法院需综合考虑标准普适与专利垄断、专利维权与专利滥诉、诉讼自由与诉权滥用、竞争政策与产业政策等多方面因素,彰显司法衡平艺术,既要防止权利滥用,亦要避免 “权利滥用被滥用”。
关键词:
标准必要专利; 知识产权; FRAND原则; 专利劫持; 专利反向劫持; 司法衡量
收稿日期:
2020-11-21
中图分类号:
D923.42
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2021)02-0082-14
基金项目:
教育部哲学社会科学重大攻关项目“中美网络空间治理比较研究”(18JZD040)
Doi:
Competition Policy in the Enforcement of Standard Essential Patents
YI Jiming, HU Xiaowei
(School of Law, Peking University, Beijing 100871; College of Humanities and Social Sciences, East China Jiaotong University, NanChang 330013, Jiangxi)
Abstract:
The increasing influence of standardessential patents on market competition, the FRAND principle, competition law and evolving judicial precedents have imposed certain restrictions on the enforcement of standardessential patents. However, in the process of the implementation of standardessential patents, standard patent owners and standard implementers have taken advantage of the loopholes in the rules to commit “patent hijacking” and “reverse patent hijacking” respectively. In the adjudication of standardessential patent cases, the courts must take into account various factors such as the universality of standards and patent monopoly, patent rights and patent abuse, freedom of litigation and abuse of litigation rights, competition policy and industrial policy, to demonstrate the art of judicial balance and to prevent both the abuse of rights and the “abuse of rights being abused”.
KeyWords:
standardsessential patents; intellectual property rights; FRAND principle; patent hijacking; reverse hijzcking; judicial weighing