哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
教育学研究
新中国70年我国社会教育政策回望、演进与前行
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王乐
(陕西师范大学 教育学院, 陕西 西安 710062)
王乐,男,安徽宿州人,教育学博士,陕西师范大学教育学院副教授。
摘要:
新中国成立70年来,我国社会教育政策的发展经历了4个阶段:即以思想政治教育和扫盲教育为两翼的起步阶段、以科学技术教育为重心的探索阶段、以社区教育为主线的深化阶段和以“互联网+教育”为契机的繁荣阶段。通过政策文本的梳理发现,社会教育政策的发展遵循一定的演进逻辑,主要表现为责任主体由“政府”向“社会”转移、教育目的由“现实导向”向“发展导向”转变、教育内容由“单一”向“多元”转化以及教育路径由“封闭化”向“开放化”转轨。在新的历史时期,社会教育政策将致力于探索出一条连接现实与未来的路径。一方面,积极应对现实挑战,回应社会高速发展的开放性和社会教育边界意识的保守性之间张力所形成的政策无力。另一方面,努力把握未来发展方向,包括加快社会教育立法,完善终身教育政策保障体系;扩大整合社会资源,持续推进学习型社会构建;优先弱势群体政策供给,促进教育公平发展;扶持和规范网络平台建设,打造数字化社会教育体系。
关键词:
新中国70年; 社会教育; 教育政策; 学习型社会
收稿日期:
2020-02-20
中图分类号:
G77; G520
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2020)03-0161-09
基金项目:
国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题“场馆境脉中家庭教育发生机制与优化策略研究”(CAA190240)
Doi:
The Histories, Changes and Prospects of Chinese Social Education Policies in the Past 70 Years Since Founding of PRC
WANG Le
(School of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, Shaanxi)
Abstract:
In the past 70 years since the founding of the PRC, the development of Chinese social education policies have gone through four stages: the early stage with political education and literacy education as the two wings; the exploratory stage with the scientific and technological education as the focus; the deepening stage with the community education as the main line; the prosperous stage with “internet+education” as the opportunity. It is found that the developmental logic of social education is clarified through the review of policies, which is manifested in four aspects including subjects from government to society, aims from realityoriented to developmentoriented, contents from single to multiple and the ways from close to open. In the new historical period, social education policies should explore the bridge to connect the present and future. On the one hand, we should actively face the present challenges, originated from the tension between the overspeeded development of society and the boundary of social education. On the other hand, we should seek for the directions of development, including accelerating the legislation of social education to improve the system of lifelong education; expanding and integrating social resources to promote the construction of a learning society; prioritizing institutional supports for vulnerable groups to enhance educational equity; subsidizing and guiding the internet platform to build up a digital system of social education.
KeyWords:
70 years since the founding of PRC; social education; policy of oducation; learning society