哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
史记研究
意、法、神的融合——汤谐《史记半解》评析
张 新 科
(陕西师范大学 文学院, 陕西 西安 710119)
张新科,男,陕西眉县人,文学博士,陕西师范文学院子教授,博士研究生导师。
摘要:
清代汤谐的《史记半解》,选录了《史记》原文68 篇进行点评。汤谐的《史记》评点理论主张是意、法、神三者的融合。他认为“文章之道有三: 曰意,曰法,曰神。意之本在识,识高则意高;法之本在心,心细则法细;神之本在养,养到则神到。”评点者以此为出发点,对每篇作品进行细致入微的评点,大到整个文章布局,小到遣词造句,甚至一般人不注意的地方,都能深入挖掘,一步一步引导读者进入《史记》的世界。《史记半解》对于意、法、神的提出,虽然针对《史记》而论,但具有普遍意义,并且对于后来的古文家产生了影响。《史记半解》对前人的评点有继承,又有发展,对于后来的《史记》评点,也具有一定影响。
关键词:
汤谐; 《史记半解》; 文学评析
收稿日期:
2018-06-15
中图分类号:
D814.1
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2019)02-0030-08
基金项目:
国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“中外《史记》文学研究资料整理与研究(13&ZD111)。
Doi:
The Fusion of Idea, Rule and Charm: Comment on Tang Xie’s Annotation to Historical Records
ZHANG Xinke
(School of language and Literature, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an,710119, Shaanx)
Abstract:
Annotation to Historical Records written by Tang Xie in the Qing Dynasty, what selects 68 original articles of Historical Records for review. Tang’s Historical Records commentary theory advocates the fusion of idea, rule and charm. He believes that “there are three ways to write an article: idea, rule and charm. The essence of the idea is knowledge, the more knowledge, the more ideas. The essence of the rule is the mind, the more thoughtful the mind, the more detailed the rule. The essence of the charm is to cultivate ourself, only to cultivate ourself, can we get the charm.” Later commentator used this as a starting point, and made detailed comments on each piece of work, from the entire article layout to small words, and even places that the general people did not pay attention to, can dig deeper and guide the readers into the world of Historical Records step by step. The introduction of the “idea, rule and charm” in Annotation to Historical Records, although directed at the Historical Records, has universal significance and has an impact on the later ancient writers. The Annotation to Historical Records has inherited and developed the comments of the predecessors, and has a certain influence on the later Historical Records commentary.
KeyWords:
Tang Xie; Annotation to Historical Records; Commenton Literature