哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
美国对华“301调查”研究
我国知识产权制度及科技法律政策之新节点
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易继明, 李春晖
(北京大学 法学院, 北京 100871)
易继明,男,湖北荆州人,法学博士,北京大学国际知识产权研究中心主任,北京大学法学院教授,博士研究生导师。
摘要:
2017美对华301调查报告及随之而来的贸易战有其宏大的背景,不单是知识产权问题。但知识产权问题确系抓手。美国及西方对中国态度的转变,缘于中国发展阶段的变化和实力的增强,我国自身亦在调整。除开该报告证据不足、中方行为并未违法或违反双边或多边规则或承诺、美方单边措施不符合WTO多边规则的缺陷之外,该报告提出的问题与中国自身改革需求有其契合之处。从国家可持续发展计,我国应进一步完善知识产权及科技法律体系,推进知识产权综合管理改革、树立负责任的知识产权创造和保护强国的形象;调整科技法律政策的导向和重心,观念和环境都要从“追赶型”切换到“创新型”,提供友好的、利于开拓性创新的营商环境;在更广泛的意义上,则须慎重思考创新领域的国有资本和产业政策,避免扭曲创新市场。当然,从外交和国家整体利益考虑,需要剥离掉美国政策中对中国不利的部分,殊无疑义。
关键词:
知识产权; 科技法律政策; 301调查报告; 技术转移; 商业秘密
收稿日期:
2018-04-27
中图分类号:
G923.4;D922.17
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2019)01-0061-16
基金项目:
Doi:
An Inflexion of China’s IP System and Science & Technology Laws & Policies
YI Jiming,LI Chunhui
(Law School, Peking University, Beijing 100871)
Abstract:
USTR’s Section 301 Report on China in 2018 and the subsequent trade war have a rather broad background than mere intellectual property issues, but the latter is truly the key. The change of attitude of the U.S.A. and the western world to China is due to the change of phases of China’s development and increase of China’s power, to which China itself is also being adapted. Except the defects of the report, such as lack of evidence, the fact that China did not disobey any law or any bilateral or multilateral rule or promise, and the fact that the unilateral measures taken by the U.S.A. do not conform to WTO rules, to some extent the issues raised by the report tally with the requirements of China’s reform. For the persistent development of China, the legal system of IP and science & technology shall be further perfected, the reform of the comprehensive administration of IP shall be pushed forward, thus to shape China as a responsible power innovating and protecting IP well.The direction and emphasis of science & technology laws and policies shall be adjusted to change the idea and the innovation environment from being “chasing type” to an “innovating type”, thus to provide a friendly business environment favorable to edge innovation; and in a broader sense, the roles of state owned capital and industrial policies shall be reconsidered cautiously, avoiding distorting the innovation market. Of course, in terms of diplomacy and the overall interests of China, those policies of the U.S.A. disfavoring China shall be peeled off, undoubtedly.
KeyWords:
intellectual property; science & technology law policy; section 301 Report; technology transfer; trade secret