哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
语言文字学研究
类型学视野下西北汉语方言“给”字句研究
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敏春芳, 杜冰心
(兰州大学 文学院, 甘肃 兰州 730030)
敏春芳,女,甘肃临潭人,历史学博士,兰州大学文学院教授,博士研究生导师。
摘要:
“给”字句在西北汉语方言随处可见。“给”前的动词范围广泛,很多动词后都可以带上“给”,如“走给、坐给、发展给”等等。西北汉语方言位于句末、用法复杂、使用功能较发达的“给”与蒙古语族如东乡语的引语标记“i”和祈使式附加成分“i”相匹配。这是在阿尔泰语言影响和渗透下出现的不同类型的异质要素,是一种具有语法功能的形态标记。
关键词:
西北方言; “给”字句; 语言接触; 蒙古语; 引语标记
收稿日期:
2016-12-20
中图分类号:
H172.2
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2018)03-0062-08
基金项目:
国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“西北民族地区回族话与回族经堂语、小儿经语言研究”(17ZDA311);兰州大学中央高校重点项目(17LZUJBWZD004)。
Doi:
A Typological Study of “gei”(给) Sentences in Northwest Dialects
MIN Chunfang, DU Bingxin
(School of Chinese Language and Literature, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030,Gansu)
Abstract:
There are abundant examples of “gei”(给)sentences in northwest dialects. The verbs before “gei”(给) are in a wide range, almost all verbs can be used after “gei”(给), such as “zou gei”(走给), “zuo gei”(坐给), “fazhan gei”(发展给). Research shows that the usages of “gei”(给) used at the end of sentences are very complicated, the grammatical functions are very developed. “Gei”(给) matches with quotative auxiliary ɡi and imperative suffix ɡi in the Mongolian language family and Dongxiang language. Gei(给) separated from the lexical meanings and became a morphological marker with only grammatical functions.
KeyWords:
northwest dialects; “gei”(给) sentence; language contact; Mongolian; quotative auxiliary