哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
中国古代哲学研究
马理实学思想发微
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许宁
(陕西师范大学 政治经济学院, 陕西 西安 710119)
许宁,男,安徽合肥市人,哲学博士,陕西师范大学政治经济学院教授,博士研究生导师。
摘要:
明代马理继承了张载关学崇实尚朴的宗旨,务为笃实之学。在实体论上,他肯定“太虚即天”的真实无妄,从而批评了佛老的虚无本体论;在实修论上,主张躬行践履和实证实修的身心工夫,力图避免阳明后学的弊病;在实功论上,强调以礼淑世,化民成俗,在讲学中重建精神文化价值,并主持编纂《陕西通志》,发挥修史资政的积极作用。马理的实学思想内容丰富、特点鲜明,在明清实学思潮发展史上具有重要的理论价值。
关键词:
马理; 实学; 实体论; 实修论; 实功论
收稿日期:
2015-04-20
中图分类号:
B248.99
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2016)04-0110-04
基金项目:
陕西省社会科学基金课题(2014C10); 陕西“人文英才计划”(2014)
Doi:
Research on Practical Learning of Ma Li
XU Ning
(School of Politics and Economics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi)
Abstract:
In the Ming Dynasty, Ma Li inherited and expanded the gist of Zhang Zai’s theory which had definitely simple style of learning. From the perspective of existential ontology, Ma advocated the realness of “Taixu is heaven”, thus he criticized the nihilism ontology of Buddhism and Taoism. Based on the theory of practical selfcultivation, Ma proposed the methods of acting on Confucian moral rules with physical and mental efforts. He tried hard to avoid the theoretical disadvantage of Wang Yangming’s followers. On practical effects, he emphasized “change society with rites” and civilized people by education and persuasion. He tried to restructure the spiritual and cultural values through his lecture activities. Besides,he handled the compilation of Shaanxi province chorography,which played the positive political effect. Practical learning of Ma Li had rich content, distinctive features and showed great important theoretical value in the history of ideological development in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
KeyWords:
Ma Li; practical learning; existential ontology; the theory of practical selfcultivation; the theory of practical effect