哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
现当代文学研究
汪曾祺与新时期的文学转型
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吴进
(陕西师范大学 文学院, 陕西 西安 710119)
吴进,男,陕西三原人,美国俄勒冈大学文学博士,陕西师范大学文学院副教授。
摘要:
汪曾祺已是经典作家,但始终难以成为主流文化的代表人物。汪曾祺的意义在于其对作品思想性和“深度”的轻慢体现了新时期文学的一种宽容精神;更重要的是,他属于喜欢玩味生活的才子型作家,以一种“不抵抗”的姿态完成了自己低调的文化抵抗,在一个喧嚣的年代里追寻着自己的文化记忆。“民俗”成为他这种文化反抗的手段。意味深长的是,汪曾祺的作品给人“雅”的感觉,但这种雅却以对俗的兴趣和肯定透露出来。才子、民俗和雅既是汪曾祺的文化姿态,又是体味他作品的不同纬度。它们在新时期的回归表明了一个新的文学时代的到来。
关键词:
汪曾祺; 文学转型; 才子小说; 民俗小说; 雅小说
收稿日期:
2014-09-05
中图分类号:
I206.7
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2014)06-0059-08
基金项目:
Doi:
Wang Zengqi and the Literary Transformation in the New Era
WU Jin
(College of Chinese Language and Literature, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi)
Abstract:
Wang Zengqi has become a classic since the 1980s, but it has been difficult for him to be a representative of the mainstream culture. Wang Zengqi’s significance is that he was uninterested in the “depth” and ideology by that he shows a zeitgeist of tolerance in the postMao China. Furthermore, he belongs to the type of gifted author, who likes to ruminate upon life, carry out his lowtune cultural resistance with an attitude of “noresistance”, tracks down his own cultural memory in a stirring time. “Folk custom” becomes the way of his cultural resistance. Meaningfully, Wang’s works give readers a feeling of elegance; however, this elegance is revealed in his interest in and conformation to vulgarity. In this way, gifted author, folk custom, and elegance can be regarded as Wang Zengqi’s cultural attitudes; at the same time they are the different views to appreciate Wang’s works. The returning of these literary and aesthetic tastes and types in the postMao’s period indicates that a new literary era is coming.
KeyWords:
Wang Zengqi; literary transformation; gifted author stories; folk and custom stories; elegant stories