哲学社会科学版
陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
中国古代史研究
论西周攸比鼎铭与周代官员遴选奖惩制度
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王晖
(陕西师范大学历史文化学院, 陕西西安710119)
王晖,男,陕西洋县人,历史学博士,陕西师范大学历史文化学院教授,博士研究生导师。
摘要:
西周时期是以射箭技能作为卿、大夫、士和候选官员的条件和标准,也作为晋升诸侯级别的重要条件,这在周代礼书中有明确的记述。西周叔夨方鼎铭等金文资料,证明了周天子的确是十分重视辟雍和射宫的射艺比赛;攸比鼎铭“射分田邑”等金文资料,证明了土地夺封和改封射艺中是一项重要的奖惩条件,“射为诸侯”是有一定根据的,不过它是渐进型的,而非一次性的。
关键词:
西周史; 官员选拔制度; 金文; 攸比鼎铭; 射箭
收稿日期:
2014-03-04
中图分类号:
K224
文献标识码:
A
文章编号:
1672-4283(2014)04-0070-06
基金项目:
国家哲学社会科学基金重大招标项目(12&ZD138)
Doi:
The Inscription on the Guoyoubi Tripod and System of Official Selection and Punishment in the West Zhou Dynasty
WANG Hui
(College of History and Civilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, Shaanxi)
Abstract:
In times of the West Zhou Dynasty, archery was regarded as one of the qualifications and standards of ministers, senior officials and knights and also as an important quality for a governor to be promoted to a higher rank, which was clearly recorded in works of rites in the Zhou Dynasty. Inscriptions on ancient bronze objects, such as those on the Shuzefang Tripod, showed that the king of the Zhou Dynasty really paid great attention to the archery contest between Piyong and Shegong. The inscription “The manor estate shall be granted by archery skills” on the Guoyoubi Tripod demonstrated the archery skill was a leading criterion for abolishing or changing the grant of land. Therefore, the recorded saying “A governor shall be appointed by archery skills” was wellgrounded, but it was realized by continuous performances but not simply for a single performance.
KeyWords:
history of the West Zhou Dynasty; system of official selection; inscription on ancient bronze objects; the Guoyoubi Tripod; archery